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Which disease is considered the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

  1. Hashimoto's disease

  2. Graves disease

  3. Cushing's disease

  4. Addison's disease

The correct answer is: Graves disease

Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It is an autoimmune disorder that results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones. In Graves' disease, the body produces antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland, leading to excessive production of thyroid hormones. This is why choice B is the correct answer. The other options given are not correct in this context: A. Hashimoto's disease is actually a cause of hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism. C. Cushing's disease is a condition involving excess cortisol production from the adrenal glands, not related to thyroid function. D. Addison's disease is a condition of adrenal insufficiency, also not related to thyroid function.